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Arts in Southeast Asia Database
SculptureThe attitude of subduing Mara
The attitude of subduing Mara is sitting on the plain lotus base without any decorations. This style reflects the style of before Ayutthaya – early Ayutthaya or the 1st and the 2nd generation of U-Thong Buddha images. It is also related to the large section of Sukhothai arts.The significant characteristics that transfer from the 1st and the 2nd generation of U-Thong Buddha images are the sitting position on a plain lotus base in the attitude of subduing Mara. The hair looks like the thorns of jackfruit. The oval face, flame-like halo, and curve eyebrows show the relation with Sukhothai arts. The straight hairline style is also associated with a large section of Sukhothai arts. This Buddha image wears the rope with a long-large straight seam. The right hand is on a leg. The style is gentler than the 1st and the 2nd generation of U-Thong Buddha and this might relate to Sukhothai’s Buddha image style.
SculptureWooden door
On each door appears the carving of a gatekeeper, both are in a different movement. Both of them have their legs on the lion’s base, one hand holds the flower and another hand hold a stiletto.The faces of the gatekeepers are oval. They wear the crown with long apex, round earrings, filter neck, breast chain, breastplates, bracelet, belt, foot bracelet. They also wear shorts with long sleeves.The head is surrounded by arches similar to Phrapha Monthon. Next to it is the bouquet and the tier.
PaintingDhamma Book Chest
The legs of Dhamma Book Chest is made of plain square wood. It is called “Kha mu” hence the Dhamma Book Chest is called “Dhamma Book Chest Kha mu”.The lid is in the Watering pattern drawing a cosmic landscape painting in Buddhist motto. The drawing is divided into two parts and there is a gray line in between the two parts. Below the gray line shows Himmapan Forest. On the left side of appears Anodard pool. It is a large circle pool which is the origin of four rivers. Each river comes out of the mouth of an animal; elephant, horse, cow, lion. On the right side appears other pools in Himmapan Forest. The size of the pools are smaller and there are flowers and lotuses inside the pools. There are also trees, rocks, and animals around. On top of the gray line appears Mount Sumeru in the middle. On the top part is Tavatimsa heavens where the Indra stays. There is a castle in the middle and Erawan elephant at the bottom acting like it is carrying the castle. Chulamanee Stupa is on the right. On both side of Mount Sumeru is Sattaboriphan mountain or seven circles that surround Mount Sumeru. Each mountain has different high shown in the drawing as seven bars. This shows that the artist looked at half of Sattaboriphan when drawing. Above each mountain appears pictures of angels and there place. There are also two circles that represent the sun and the moon.
PaintingThe Painting of the Royal 12-month Ceremonies
The powder-color painting used the western techniques that taking into account the principles of visualization which make the paintings seems dimensional both farway and close-up. The pictures of the buildings within the palace is used as the background while the people’s households, the costumes of the people, military men, the nobilities and the villagers are in line with the contemporary style of the period.
ArchitectureHo Phisaishalayalakshna
Ho Phisaishalayalakshna is a four-storey brick-and-stucco tower on a large platform in a square plan which has a veranda at the basement. Its arcade wall supporting the framework. The tower looks like attached towers; one has hipped roof and another one has flat roof. A spiral staircase inside the tower is leading to the upper storey, while the second floor has a balcony with ceramic balustrade. The archwindows have wooden boards while the uppermost floor has open windows.
ArchitecturePhra Ubosot Wat Niwet Thammaprawat
Phra Ubosot was built in Gothic Revival Style in with a rectangular plan and pointed roof, particularly the rear of the ubosot which had steep-slopping roof and its doors and windows were in pointed-arched-shaped with stained glass similar to Christian church. Above the northeastern entrance, the stained glasses, which were made in France, displayed the portrait of King Rama V wearing the royal garment in the occasion of His Accession to the Throne. The decoration inside Phra Ubosot was in European style and used pink tone, which represented the colour of the King’s birthday.
ArchitectureVehasna Chamroon Thone Hall
Vehasna Chamroon Thone Hall is a brick-and-stucco building and follows the Chinese architecture. The roof uses cureved tiles and decorated by Chinese blsseing symbols. The dragon-venturing-though-cloud sculptures are on the ridge.The reception hall on the first floor has Chinese porcelain tiles with patterns of animals, plants and figures in Chinese mythology. The sign on the top purlin, displaying the name “Tien Meng Toey” was mimic Chinese written by Thai alphabet, while the wooden sculpture around the building display the story of the Three Kingdoms. The marble staircase on the first floor shows the Yin-Yang symbol and leads to Chinese throne. At the back, there is another staircase leading to another Chinese throne on the upper reception hall. The top floor is the area where the tablets of King Rama V and Queen Depsirindra were installed by King Rama V. Later, King Rama VII installed the tablets of King Rama V and Queen Saovabha inside the Chinese niches.In the northern area of the throne hall were the King Rama V’s bedchamber, which has a phoenix-and-dragon carved bed, and Queen Saovabha’s bedchamber, which has wooden-carved, golden-coated with pearl element bed. In the southern area was King Rama V’s study room. The interior decoration used furniture in Qing Dynasty furniture.
ArchitectureHo Vithuradasna
Ho Vithuradasna is a three-storey tower in dodecagonal plan. The first storey was made from brick and stucco with pillar supporting curved purlins. The upper storey have verandas decorated by carving wooden decorative like Gingerbread houses. The tower top is a dome with tiles. The tower is painted in red and yellow and has spiral staircase inside.
