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Arts in Southeast Asia Database
SculptureAnanta Nagaraja Royal Barge
The prow was crafted as Ananta Nagaraja or seven-headed nāga. In the middle part of the barge, a small pavilion is placed for carrying Katina cloth, enshrining important Buddha Images, and accommodating the kings. The exterior hull was painted green, while the interior was painted red.
SculptureSuvarnahamsa Royal Barge
The prow was crafted as a swan figure, as well as flame and vegetal motifs with lacquered, gilded and glass mosaic decoration. The exterior was painted with black lacquer, and the interior was red ochre painted. The Kanya Throne is fixed to the middle part of the royal barge. Curtains are hung on around the Throne which serves to accommodate the Kings and the royal family members. During a royal ceremony, the finial mouth of the swan figurehead will be adorned with a white Nepalese yak’s tassel the end of which is decorated with a crystal pendant.
ArchitectureNarai Song Suban Pavilion Barge H.M. King Rama IX
The figurehead of the royal barge is a statue of 4-armed Narayana who holds divine weapons in each hand, namely a Trishula, mace, Chakra, and conch. Wearing royal attire with a multi-tiered crown on his head, the god mounts over Garuda. The wooden prow is carved, red-lacquered, and adorned with deep blue glass mosaics. The hull is painted red and decorated with flame and vegetal motifs. The Kanya Throne is fixed to the central part of the royal barge. The stern is adorned with flame motifs instead of Garuda’s remiges and rectrices.
ArchitectureSaranrom Palace
Showing architectural characteristics of the Classicism, Saranrom Palace is a complex of 4 buildings constructed to a rectangular plan with a central court. Located in the west, the main building was built to an E-shaped plan; and its façade is elegantly decorated. The west building has one entrance porch at the north and south ends, as well as a central entrance porch. The pediments of the northern and southern porches are triangular-shaped just like those of Greek temples, but they are decorated with coronet emblems. The arched central pediment is adorned with an emblem depicting a tiered crown on a three-headed elephant flanked by a Gajasimha and lion. These pediments are supported by Corinthian columns located on the verandas linked by connecting annexes which are open galleries. The buildings have Palladian windows. The above-mentioned characteristics belong to the archetype of Classic-Paladian architecture in the reign of King Rama V.
SculpturePhra Mahapichai Ratcharot
The lower part of the royal chariot contains 4 wheels, the front or prow of the chariot is decorated with Naga’s head and flame motifs, and the stern in the rear is adorned with Naga’s tail and flame motifs. The central part of the royal chariot contains superimposed pedestals with Thepphanom figurines above which a small pavilion with multi-tiered pointed roof is enshrined. Curtains with tassels hang down along the four indented poles. The pavilion’s base is carved in traditional Thai patterns featuring floral and flame patterns, notched and trimmed leaf patterns, and deities performing the Añjali Mudrā. The whole components of the pavilion with multi-tiered pointed roof are gilded and decorated with colored-glass mosaics.
ArchitecturePhra Maha Chedi Si Ratchakan
Phra Maha Chedi Sisanphetchadayan, Phra Maha Chedi Dilokthammakaroknitan and Phra Maha Chedi Munibatborikhan are all Chedi Songkhrueang of redented Chedi on a redented tiered pedestal which achieved its popularity during the reign of King Rama 3 with some distinctive artistic traits of those of the late Ayutthaya period as follows: the lower architectural elements include multi-tiered pedestals with lion-legged corners (Than Singha or lion bases) and Bua Khlum or lotus petal mouldings. The Gharbhaya (hemispherical domes) in shape of a bell with four-redented corners, and superimposed lotus petal mouldings, conical spires, single bead mouldings, and upmost conical spires. All of the architectural elements are adorned with glazed porcelain and pottery with different patterns. Phra Maha Chedi Sisanphetchadayan is ornamented with green glazed pottery, Phra Maha Chedi Dilokthammakaroknitan is decorated with white glazed porcelain, and Phra Maha Chedi Munibatborikhan is adorned with yellow glazed pottery. The Chedi erected by King Rama IV ทรงสร้าง a redented Chedi, decorated with deep blue glazed porcelain. This type of Chedi had been popular since the mid-Ayutthaya period onwards.
Architecturethe ordination hall of Wat Phrachetuphon Wimonmangkhararam
The Ubosot is a masonry building in traditional Thai style. Its pediment is decorated with traditional Thai roof finials, gilded and ornamented with glass mosaics. The building has square masonry supporting columns without lotus caapital. The boundary wall’s exterior framings surrounding the Ubosot are decorated with marble bas-relief sculptures depicting Ramayana or Rammakian. The doors’ exterior panels are decorated with pearl inlay depicting figures of character in Rammakian, while the interior panels are decorated with lacquer works depicting fans of rank for Phra Rachakhana, Phra Khru Sanyabat and Phra Khru Thananukrom belonging to the Gamavasi and the Arannavasi sections from both pronvinces and bangkok. The mural painting of the Ubosot is painted: the panels above the interior window casings depict Mahosadha pandit or Mahā Ummagga Jātaka, the walls between door and window casings display the stories of the top disciples, and the interior window panels are decorated with lacquered position seals of the monk leaders in the cities and in the provinces during the reign of King Rama III. The exterior window panels are carved in Kaeochingduang patterns or overlapping circles and lozenge flowers.
SculptureReclining Buddha
The Buddha lies on his right side or Sihasaiyat. His right hand supports his head supported by a square pillow ornamented with Chinese floral motifs. The Image shows Rattanakosin artistic characteristics, that is, a calm face, eyes looking down towards the floor, arched eyebrows, thin lips, long ears, small ringlet hair curls, an Uṣṇīṣa, and a flame-shaped aureole. Also, the Buddha wears a thin, plain monastic robe along his left arm while exposing his right shoulder. The Sanghati or uppergarment covers his left shoulder along to his navel, and the hem of the uppergarment falls in undulating folds. The ankle-length Antaravasaka lower garment has a front pleat-fold, and the strap of the belt is shown.Both feet of the Buddha is decorated with pearl-inlaid chakra and 108 auspicious illustration motifs. The 180 auspicious illustrations can be categorized as follows: 1. Symbols of fortune and abundance, i.e. Purna-ghata or water pots, twin fish, Swastika, gem garlands, and lotus. 2. Regalia of kings and Cakravartin; for instance, 7 Ratnas, royal regalia, thrones, royal vehicles, etc. 3. Symbols of Loka or spheres according to the Buddhist cosmology; for example, Mount Meru, the Cosmic Ocean, the 4 dvīpas, Kāñcanaparvata or the seven mountains surrounded Mount Meru, the Himavanta Forest, etc.
