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Arts in Southeast Asia Database
ArchitectureAbhornbimok Throne Hall
Abhornbimok Throne Hall is a Traditional Thai brick-and-stucco open pavillion in cross plan. The northern and southern porticos are more extend than the other sides. The wooden carved on the pediment displays te standing deva holding a sword in his left hand, surround by Thepphanom. The decoration is coated with golden lacquer and glass. There is a staircase in the front for docking the palanquin.
ArchitectureChakrimahaprasat Throne Hall
Chakrimahaprasat Throne Hall is a three-storey European building, with three porticos whose roofs are traditional prasat-typed style and a corridor connecting the east wing to the west wing. Because of the mixture with the European features, the roof thus shows relatively different proportion from other prasat-typed rooftop. The central portico has a balcony, which has a full-body mosaic statue of King Rama V. The architecture shares features from European Renaissance style, with archwindows and Corinthian pilasters. Although the roof was made in traditional style, the pediments display different symbols of the king from the original pattern. Vishnu riding Garuda was replaced by Phra Kiaw or Phra Chulamongkut on Phan Waen Fah above three-headed elephant. Chakri Dynasty coat of arms, Cakra surrounded by nine-jeweled chain, and the state emblem in the reign of King Rama V are also displayed.
ArchitectureLoha Prasat
Loha Prasat is three-storey brick and stucco building in a square plan with 37 metallic spires. It was drilled as niches from the foundation to the top. The main core used a large high log, whose trunk was punctured into a spiral staircase leading to the upstairs. Later, Loha Prasat was restored by using reinforced concrete.
ArchitectureWat Chaiwatthanaram
Wat Chaiwatthanaram in its current condition features only the Phuttawat. Most buildings of the Phuttawat stand on the massive Phai Thi base. Significant buildings are the main prang with lesser prangs at the four corners, these are surrounded by the gallery; chedi-shaped chapels at the four sides and four corners; the ubosot on the front or eastern side and two indented/recessed chedis to the north and the south which were built on the ground level.
ArchitecturePrasat Muang Tam’s central sanctuary
The central sanctuary of Prasat Muang Tam consists of five towers (prangs), three at the front row and two at the back row which were arranged diagonally to the towers at the front row. All five towers facing east were collectively built on a large laterite base. The front middle tower functions as the principal sanctuary, now collapsed. A foundation is all that remains of the tower which is plainly larger than the other towers. Four towers are all the same size with a laterite base whereas a sanctum (ruen that) and multi-tiered roof were made with bricks and mortar. The doors to the cella are on the east. The inner sanctums would usually house the statues which currently only plinths remain which makes identifying the cult statues impossible.
ArchitecturePrasat Phanom Rung
Prasat Phanom Rung is a massive monument on a hill-top and faces east. Principal buildings from the front or the east leading to the central sanctuary are as follow;1. Greek-cross entrance gate (gopura) - only a laterite base remains, the upper parts are possibly made of wood.2. Disrobing pavilion, north of the entrance gate3. Processional walkway, beyond the entrance gate, flanked by pillars. The walkway is then terminated by the Naga bridge with a cross-shaped terrace4. The Naga bridge leads to the 5 sets of upper stairway climbing up the inner sanctuary, namely the central sanctuary and other principal buildings.5. Outside of the gallery to the east, there is a base of a building probably a wooden hall which explains why its main body was already gone as wood is not a sustainable material. A large amount of roof tiles were uncovered in the area. The layout of the floor plan is in a cross-shaped form leaving 4 ditches on the ground. This building used to connect to a colonnade, now ruined, enclosing the sandstone gallery6. The sandstone and laterite gallery with gopuras on all four sides surrounding the main sanctuary and other minor buildings. 7. The main sandstone sanctuary surrounded by the gallery faces east. Apart from the main sanctuary other minor buildings in the compound are two brick towers to the north, the lesser tower to the southwest and two rectangular plan libraries to the northeast and southeast.
ArchitectureThe Main Sanctuary of Prasat Phanom Rung
The main sanctuary or Prang, facing east, is built of sandstone. The sanctuary stands on an indented base. Porticos leading to the cella (garbhagrha) project from the northern, southern and western sides. On the eastern side is the antarala adjacent to the rectangular mandapa which its entrances on the east, north and south. On the ridge of the roofs of porticos, antarala and mandapa are adorned with finials (brali).The stepped roofs consisted of 5 tiers; each tier a small-scale form of the sanctuary. The roofs are also adorned with the overhangs and cornered antefixes. On the very top is a kalasa or a water pot symbol, it is believed that there is a metal nine-tiered trident over the kalasa which is now lost. The garbhagrha houses a shivalinga with a somasutra, a sandstone channel used to drain away water used during ceremonies at the north portico. The mandapa contains the Nandi Bull statue, there are also carved stone blocks depicting guardian deities here, and elsewhere in porticos and around the base of the main sanctuary.
ArchitectureSombor Preikuk S1
Pre-Angkorian temple is characterized by the brick temple decorated with carving. The body of the temple is normally punctuated by series of pilasters at the corners as well as at the middle of the wall. Sombor Preikuk is decorated by six pilasters dividing the wall into five offsets. The central offset is ornamented by the miniature bas-relief temple while the side offsets are decorated by the so-called flying temples. The superstructure follows the South Indian architectural tradition, comprising the miniature superimposing tiers decorated with the miniature temples.
