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Arts in Southeast Asia Database
ArchitectureIsara Vinijchai Hall
Isara Vinijchai Hall is a one story masonary building with 10 rooms. It faces east with 4 thick walls. There is a balcony and the pillars in the front. The pillars in the building are large rectangular pillars which was a popular style during the reign of King Rama III. Inside enshrines Busabok Mala pavilion throne. The wooden roof is decorated with unpainted clay tiles. The gable is decorated with gable apex, small finials jutting out of the two corners of the gable. The front gable decorates a painting of Thep Phranom on the lotus base with Kranok Plew decorated with gold leaf plated glass.
PaintingVipassana Meditation Murals
Vipassana Meditation painting was painted on the wall between the windows on the left of the principle Buddha. The background of the painting is the drawing of the forest with brown rocks. There are pictures of monks and villagers in different position. The men wear loincloths with breechcloths. Women wear sarongs and cover with Sabai. The skin color of each person is different. Even though the artist starts to use shading technique in drawing, the dimension of the painting is still missing, according to the visualization principal. Traditional Thai paintings in the old days are the same; the artists wrote short descriptions under the paintings.
ArchitectureWat Saket
The chapel is in traditional Thai style. The stacked wooden roof is decorated with Krueang Lam Yong which is gable apex, small finials jutting out of the two corners of the gable, and naga. The gable is decorated with Vishnu the God on Garuda made of wood and gold plated glass. Doors and windows are in Ban Thaleang style. There are pillars around the chapel. The balcony is decorated with Chinese glazed tile. There are shelters of the marker stone surround all 8 sides and they all are decorated with colorful tiles made in China. The four sides of the chapel is surrounded by the cloisters and each side enshrines a Buddha statue.
PaintingRoyal articles of use in Lai Rodnam style
There are 28 paintings in Lai Rodnam style on Ban Plae of doors and windows in Wat Nang Nong chapel. They are paintings of royal articles of use, Crown Jewels, decorations, weapons, and music instruments that are used in royal ceremonies. In the paintings, there are images of the royal regalia such as tiered umbrella, a sunshade and a fan as a background. All of the patterns are in gold leaf on the lacquer background.
SculptureThe great Emperor Buddha
The Buddha image in the attitude of meditation sitting cross-legs with one top of another displaying the attitude of subduing Mara. The image has a slim body, oval- round face, small hair curl, flame-like halo, curve eyebrows, small eyes, the lips are slightly curve until it is almost straight. The face looks like a manikin and this is the specific style of Buddha images in the reign of King Rama III. The image wears jewels such as the crown, necklace, breast chain, armlet, bracelet, and anklet.
ArchitecturePainting of the Mahayana Buddha and Bodhisattva
The composition of this painting is written on a dark blue background with a curved and spiked frame. There are five Buddha sitting in rows inside the frame. Each Buddha wears dark color almost red, oblique and no streak robe. There is a small strip Samghati, from the left shoulder to the belly. The face and body are gold-plated. Above the head, there is a gold-plated flame halo with no urna which is an important symbol of royal intention Buddha images of King Rama IV. All Buddha are dhyana mudra (also called the samadhi mudra) on lotus base that support by singha base inside the glass curved arch. At the end of arch looks like hawk face beside. The middle crest is a Kranok pattern similar to the straight head naga. Top of the arch decorate by Bodhi tree, surround with frame Kranok pattern. This is the style of royal intention Buddha images arch of King Rama IV too. Under the base of each Buddha has a golden Khom alphabet on the red background.Above five Buddhas, there is a shining urna over the lotus. The center of urna has Khom alphabet. Under the lotus has Khom alphabet on red background. ฺBelow Buddhas are five persons who dress like an angel. Everyone wears jewelry that is gilded : crown with ears decorate, necklace, breast chain, bracelet. Wear striped paint cloth with two layers seam, golden anklet and shoes. Stand on the platform with cloth inside the arch which is similar to Buddhas arch without bodhi. Under each platform has golden Khom alphabet on red background, along with chicken, naga, turtle, cow and lion.All these paintings are related to the Mahayana belief. Because the alphabets that appear under each Buddha are : “Vairochana” “Akshobhya” “Ratnasambhava” “Amitabha” และ “Amogasiddhi” in order from left to right. This name corresponds to the Khom alphabets under the urna and above the paintings of the Buddha which read “Dhyani Buddhas” The Khom alphabets that are under the paintings of five person who dresses like angels are : “Samantabhadra” “Vajrapani” “Ratnapani” “Pattamapani” and “Vishvapani”. So, it corresponds to the paintings of each Dhyani Buddhas that have Bodhisattva below. And believe that animals below of each Bodhisattva are the symbol of the five Buddhas who enlighten in the earth. The urna that appears on top, there is three Khom alphabets inside which read : A U Ma or Ohm. It is the worship words of God in accordance with the belief in ancient Brahman. It is interesting that it was written above the text and images of Dhyani Buddhas, which is a subject in Buddhism.
ArchitectureBodhikhara
Some of the places where Bodhi trees enshrined have base around. There is a singha base in the square diagram. The wall is made of Chinese glazed tile and the stairs would have only one or four sides. There are some buildings that surround the Bodhi Tree, called the Bodhikhara, such as Wat Pathum Wanaram And Wat Bowonniwet Vihara, the Bodhikhara has square diagram. It has wall on ridges of the roof and leave the center area to allow the Bodhi Tree to grow.
ArchitectureWat Thongnoppakun’s ubosot
The ubosot is a Thai traditional building, masonry Building. The roof is stacked layers wood with tiles. The gable decorate with gable apex, bairaka, Haghgss and posture of Naga. It is assumed that the work was in post King Rama III reign. There are more decorative decorations that use symbols, which were characteristic of the reign of King Rama IV. The gable of ubosot has two layers, the upper layer is Tripitaka on phan(tray with pedestal) flanked by the candlestick. The lower layer decorate with angels sculpture. It maybe consistent with the painting inside the temple depicting the Tripitaka. The ubosot has three entrance doors, the center is crown shape. Another two is castle shape. The center window is crown shape. Another two which is flank is fan of ranks shape.
