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Arts in Southeast Asia Database
PaintingTumpalai Phu Pha Yon
The various engraved drawings can be classified as follows:1. Human figures. There are 21 engraved drawings of people, including both realistic and semi-realistic portraits. There are 9 realistic drawings, 2 of children and 7 of adults, that show the similarity between the real person and the drawing, for instance, the drawing of a person with an emphasis on only the outlines; the description of organs such as ears, eyes, mouth, nose, fingers, toes are not shown. The semi-realistic drawing is the drawing that characterizes the person in proportion but will be inaccurate from reality, for instance, the human head is in a square shape or the muscles of the limbs are not focused. However, other important parts such as ears, eyes, mouth, nose, fingers and toes aren’t completely shown. There are 12 drawings of this type. 2. Human hands. There is only one drawing of a right hand with the palm open. There are six fingers on the hand.3.Animals figures There are 21 drawings, 8 of fish, 4 of birds, 2 of dogs, 1 of a squirrel or a chipmunk, 1 of a buffalo, 4 of buffaloes or cows, 1 of a frog or a small green frog. 4. Geometrical motifs There are a lot of drawings with straight lines, curve lines or lines with different patterns, square, triangle, cross, arrowhead, rhombic triangle, single line, arranged lines, and crossed lines and sometimes the shape cannot be identified. 5.Appliance For example, a picture that resembles a plow, farming tools that show only the head area called “Moldboard plow” or “Phal” at the rear. There are also drawings of a shovel with a handle and a fan for blowing away the withered grain. 6.Building There are 2 drawings that look like a house. It is a house with a gable roof. One drawing is of a house with a dog inside and another drawing is of a house with a crossed roof similar to the roof of Kalae house or the roof of a hut in a farm in northeast of Thailand and it looks like there is a person inside the house.
SculptureRock carving depicting Buddha images
This bas-relief carving depicts the Lord Buddha as the principle positioned at the far left of the group. The Lord Buddha is seated with dropping legs on a throne. The hands depict the attitude of giving the first sermon. On the right, there is a picture of person with one head and two arms. He is seated in a Lalitasana posture. It is believed that the person is Shiva as his left hands holds rosary. Next to this, there is another person, which can be Vishnu as he has four arms. The regular arms are crossed at his chest showing respect to the Lord Buddha. The other two arms hold discus and couch shell. On the right, there are pictures of 2 flying gods and one hermit.
SculptureThe Twin Miracles Sculpture
This rock-craved sculpture depicts the twin miracles scene at Sawasti to fight the non-believers. The Lord Buddha sits on a throne with dropping leg and the right hand is in the giving sermon attitude.Both sides are surrounded with people. On each side, there is a horizontal line dividing people into two groups. This might mean that under the straight line is the earth and over the straight line is heaven. Therefore, the group of people under the line on the right of the Lord Buddha might be King Pasenthikosol and his followers, whereas people on the other side might be the defeated non-believers. The group of people above the line might be people on the heaven. On the right, it might be Indra and other gods, whereas on the left might be Brahman. On the branches of the tree, there are 7 Lord Buddha in different postures.
ArchitectureInterior circumambulatory path of Ananda
The inner circumambulatory paths of Ananda are double in number surrounding the central solid core and the sanctums of the temple. There are also numerous sculptures embedded in the wall of the ambulatory path depicting the life of the Buddha. These sculptures are meant for educating the devotees while ambulating around the temple. The arch of the roof supports the sloping roof of the temple. This kind of inner circumambulatory path can be traced back to Pāla temples, including Paharpur and Vikramshila.
SculptureWall Carvings: Suryavarman II
The southern gallery bears the narrative of King Suryavarman II. The portrait of the king sits in Maharajalilasana posture in the centre as the most prominent figure. At the background are the regalia. The typical dress of Angkor Wat period is noticeable from the figure, including the point crown, diadem, necklace with the row of tassels, breast chain in X format, short lower garment and the triangular strip of garment at the side.
SculptureWall Carvings: Army of Jayavarman VII
The bas-relief narrative occupies the whole wall of the gallery. The facial expression of these figures is of Bayon style, including the square face with slightly-smiling but the eye is shut. The cloth of this army suggests this army belong to the commissariats.
