Ho Jajavalaviangjaya

Keywords : Phra Nakhon Khiri, Khao Wang, , Krajom Kaew, Ho Song Klong

Artwork alternative name	Krajom Kaew, Ho Song Klong
Site common name	Phra Nakhon Khiri
Site alternative name	Khao Wang
Type of artwork	Architecture
Sub district	Tha Rap
District	Mueang Phetchaburi
Province	Phetchaburi
Region	West
Country	Thailand
Geographic Coordinates Decimal degree	Lat : 13.108758 Long : 99.936877
Geographic Coordinates UTM	Zone : 47 P Hemisphere : N E : 601555.9 N : 1449351.33
Place of artwork	On the western mountain peak

History of production	Ho Jajavalaviangjaya was built in the reign of King Rama IV.
Conservation	Ho Jajavalaviangjaya was listed and declared an ancient monument in the Government Gazette, no.78 section 52 on the 8th March 1935. Due to its durability, the Fine Arts Department restored some parts of Ho Jajavalaviangjaya, for instance, plastering the wall, changing roof tiles from clear glasses to transparent tiles, renovating floors and the balustrade of the veranda with the character from the balustrade of Petchbhumiphairoj Throne Hall.
Art	Ho Jajavalaviangjaya is a two-storey tower in circular plan which shares the feature of the 16th century tower in Europe. There are 8 round pillars and arcade wall supporting the framework. A spiral iron staircase leads to the upper veranda. A large dome on the top is tranparent with clear glasses. Above the dome, there is a small brick-and-stucco lighthouse with round purlin and crossing supporting ironframe.
Key academic information	King Rama IV ordered to build a tower for astronomical observing. By his establishment of Siamese prime meridian based on the 100^th meridian east of Greenwich, which is across the Grand Palace and near Phra Nakhon Khiri, Ho Jajavalaviangjaya was a symbol of scientific achievement about Siames mean time at that time. Moreover, this tower was also a lighthouse which made navigators see Phra Nakhon Khiri from Petchaburi coast.
Period	Historical Period
Age	20th century AD
Religion and belief	The Royal Court Custom
Related artwork	The architectural style is related to European classical Art, while the conception of astronomical observing tower in the reign of King Rama IV can be found in other towers, for instance, Ho Phisaishalayalakshna in Candrakasem Palace, Phra Nakhon Sri Ayutthaya and Bhuvadoldasnaya Throne Hall and the clock tower in the Grand Palace.

Type of License	Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND)
Rights	Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Anthropology Centre
Date of record creation	2015-05-26
Record creator	Patsaweesiri Premkulanan
Bibliography	ศิลปากร, กรม. อุทยานประวัติศาสตร์พระนครคีรี. กรุงเทพฯ : กรมศิลปากร, 2542. ศิลปากร, กรม. ทะเบียนโบราณสถาน. กรุงเทพฯ : กรมศิลปากร, 2532. เบญจวรรณ ทัศนลีลพร. การออกแบบพระนครคีรี (วิทยานิพนธ์ศิลปศาสตรมหาบัณฑิต สาขาประวัติศาสตร์สถาปัตยกรรม บัณฑิตวิทยาลัย มหาวิทยาลัยศิลปากร), 2543. พัสวีสิริ เปรมกุลนันท์. พระเจ้าบรมวงศ์เธอ กรมขุนราชสีหวิกรมกับงานช่างหลวงในสมัยรัชกาลที่ 4. นครปฐม : โรงพิมพ์มหาวิทยาลัยศิลปากร, 2555.